B Division (New York City Subway)

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B Division
(Franklin Avenue) (Rockaway Park)
Technical
Track gauge	4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Minimum radius	147.5 ft (44.96 m)[1]

The New York City Subway's B Division consists of the lines that operate with lettered services (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, J, L, M, N, Q, R, W, and Z), as well as the Franklin Avenue and Rockaway Park Shuttles. These lines and services were operated by the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation and city-owned Independent Subway System before the 1940 city takeover of the BMT. B Division rolling stock is wider, longer, and heavier than those of the A Division, measuring 10 or 9.75 ft (3,048 or 2,972 mm) by 60 or 75 ft (18.29 or 22.86 m).^[2]

The two former systems are still sometimes referred to as the BMT Division and IND Division.^[3]

Contents

• 
  1 List of lines
  


• 
  2 History
  
  • 
    2.1 Early history
    
  
  
  • 
    2.2 IND before 1967
    
  
  
  • 
    2.3 Consolidation of operations
    
  
  
  • 
    2.4 After 1967
    
  
  


• 
  3 See also
  


• 
  4 References
  

List of lines

The following lines are part of the B Division (services shown in parentheses; lines with colors next to them are trunk lines):

Station service legend
	Stops all times
	Stops all times except late nights
	Stops late nights only
	Stops weekdays only
	Stops rush hours only
	Stops rush hours in the peak direction only
Time period details
	Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act
↑	Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act in the indicated direction only
↓
	Elevator access to mezzanine only

• 
       IND Second Avenue Line (N  ​Q  ​R  trains)


• 
  BMT Fourth Avenue Line (D  ​N  ​R  ​W  trains)


• 
       IND Sixth Avenue Line (B  ​D  ​F  ​M  trains)


• 
       IND Eighth Avenue Line (A  ​B  ​C  ​D  ​E  trains)


• 
  60th Street Tunnel Connection (R  train)


• 
  BMT 63rd Street Line (N  ​Q  ​R  trains)


• 
  IND 63rd Street Line (F  train)


• 
  BMT Archer Avenue Line (J  ​Z  trains)


• 
  IND Archer Avenue Line (E  train)


• 
  BMT Astoria Line (N  ​W  trains)


• 
  BMT Brighton Line (B  ​Q  trains)


• 
       BMT Broadway Line (N  ​Q  ​R  ​W  trains)


• 
       BMT Canarsie Line (L  train)


• 
  Chrystie Street Connection (B  ​D  ​​M  trains)


• 
  IND Concourse Line (B  ​D  trains)


• 
       IND Crosstown Line (G  train)


• 
  IND Culver Line (F  ​G  trains)


• 
       BMT Franklin Avenue Shuttle (S  train)


• 
  IND Fulton Street Line (A  ​C  trains)


• 
  BMT Jamaica Line (J  M  Z ​ trains)


• 
  BMT Myrtle Avenue Line (M  train)


• 
       BMT Nassau Street Line (J  M  Z ​ trains)


• 
  IND Queens Boulevard Line (E  ​F  ​M  ​R  trains)


• 
  IND Rockaway Line (A  train)


• 
  BMT Sea Beach Line (N  ​W  trains)


• 
  BMT West End Line (D  train)

History

Early history

Main articles: Rapid transit operations of the BRT and BMT and Independent Subway System

The oldest line to become part of the B Division was the BMT Lexington Avenue Line, opened in 1885. A large system of elevated railways in Brooklyn was formed by 1908 by the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT), crossing the Brooklyn Bridge and Williamsburg Bridge to Manhattan terminals. With the Dual Contracts, signed in 1913, the BRT acquired extensions outward into Queens, as well as through Lower and Midtown Manhattan. The BRT became the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation in 1923 after a bankruptcy.

The Independent Subway System (IND) was created by the city in the 1920s and 1930s as a third system operated by the city, competing with the BMT and Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT). The city took over operations of the BMT and IRT in 1940, consolidating ownership of the three systems into one. Since the original IRT tunnels were smaller, it has remained a separate division to this day.

IND before 1967

IND services were labeled on maps and signs starting with the opening of the first line in 1932. Six letters - A to F - were assigned to the major services, sorted by the north terminal and midtown line, and express services had single letters, while local services had double letters. G and H were assigned to lesser services, which did not enter Manhattan. The following labels were used from 1940 to 1967:

	Name	North end/type
A	Eighth Avenue Express (all times)	Washington Heights
AA	Eighth Avenue Local (non-rush hours)	Washington Heights
BB	Sixth Avenue Local (weekday rush hours)	Washington Heights
CC	Eighth Avenue Local (weekday rush hours)	Concourse
D	Sixth Avenue-Houston Street Express (all times)	Concourse
E	Eighth Avenue Express (all times; to Rockaway weekday rush hours starting in 1956)	Queens-Jamaica
F	Sixth Avenue Express (all times)	Queens-Jamaica
GG	Crosstown Local (all times)	Brooklyn-Queens
HH	Fulton Street Local (discontinued in 1946)	N/A
HH	Rockaway Local (non-rush hours; began in 1956)	N/A

Consolidation of operations

Until 1954 and 1955, when the Culver Ramp and 60th Street Tunnel Connection opened, the BMT and IND trackage was not connected. The early joint services using these connections operated similarly to trackage rights; it was not until the Chrystie Street Connection opened in 1967 that the ex-BMT and IND systems were consolidated operationally.

Beginning in 1924,^{[citation needed]} BMT services were designated by number. The city assigned letters (J and up) - generally following the IND pattern of double letters for local services - in the early 1960s to prepare for the 1967 Chrystie Street Connection. Only Southern Division routes (1-4 or N-T) were labeled on maps, but all services except remnants of the old els were assigned letters:^[4][5]

Old	New	Name
1	Q	Brighton Express via Bridge (weekdays)
	QB	Brighton Local via Bridge (weekdays)
	QT	Brighton Local via Tunnel (other times)
	QJ	Brighton-Nassau Loop via Tunnel (rush hour Special)
2	RR	Fourth Avenue Local via Tunnel (all times)
	RJ	Fourth Avenue-Nassau Loop via Bridge (rush hour Special)
3	T	West End Express via Bridge (weekday rush hours and Saturday)
	TT	West End Local via Tunnel (weekdays; shuttle in Brooklyn at other times)
4	N	Sea Beach Express via Bridge (all times)
5	N/A	Culver Shuttle (all times)
6	N/A	Fifth Avenue-Bay Ridge Line (abandoned in 1940)
7	SS	Franklin Avenue Line (all times)
8	N/A	Astoria Line (all times)
9	N/A	Flushing Line (discontinued in 1949; became all IRT)
10	M	Myrtle Express (weekday rush hours)
11	MJ	Myrtle Local (all times)
12	N/A	Lexington Avenue Line (abandoned in 1950)
13	N/A	Fulton Street Line (Brooklyn portions abandoned in 1940 and 1956; Queens portion became IND)
14	KK	Broadway Brooklyn Local (weekday rush hours)
15	J	Jamaica Express (weekday rush hours)
	JJ	Jamaica Local (all times except weekday rush hours)
16	L	14th Street Express (never ran)
	LL	14th Street Local (all times)

* Unofficially signed as "M", or sometimes "S".

In 1967, the Culver and Franklin Shuttles became SS - the standard shuttle designation - and the Myrtle Local ("Myrtle (Jay)",^[6] discontinued in 1969) was labeled MJ.

After 1967

The 1967 opening of the Chrystie Street Connection resulted in a number of changes. The following services have been operated since then:

• 
  A Eighth Avenue Express, 1967–present


• 
  B Sixth Avenue Express, 1967–present


• 
  C Eighth Avenue Local, 1967–present (CC until 1985)


• 
  D Sixth Avenue Express, 1967–present


• 
  E Eighth Avenue Local, 1967–present


• 
  EE Broadway Local, 1967–1976


• 
  F Sixth Avenue Local, 1967–present


• 
  G Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown Local, 1967–present (GG until 1985)


• 
  J Nassau Street Express, 1967–present (QJ until 1973)


• 
  K Broadway Brooklyn Local, 1967–1976 (JJ from 1967 to 1968; KK from 1968 to 1973)


• 
  K Eighth Avenue Local, 1967 - 1988 (AA until 1985)


• 
  L 14th Street-Canarsie Local, 1967–present (LL until 1985)


• 
  M Nassau Street Local, 1967–2010; Sixth Ave Local, 2010–present


• 
  MJ Myrtle Avenue Local, 1967–1969


• 
  N Broadway Express, 1967–present


• 
  NX Broadway Express, 1967–1968


• 
  Q Broadway Express, 1967–present (QB until 1985)


• 
  R Broadway Local, 1967–present (RR until 1985)


• 
  RJ Nassau Street Local, 1967–1968


• S Franklin Avenue Shuttle, 1967–present (SS until 1985)


• S Rockaway Park Shuttle, 1967–1972, 1985–present (HH from 1967 to 1972 and H from 1985 to 1992; part of the A and CC in between)


• SS Culver Shuttle, 1967–1975


• 
  TT West End Shuttle, 1967–1968


• 
  V Sixth Avenue Local, 2001–2010


• 
  W Broadway Local, 2001–2010, 2016–present


• 
  Z Nassau Street Express, 1988–present

See also

• Interborough Rapid Transit Company


• Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation


• Independent Subway System


• A Division

References

1. 
   ^ "BMT and IRT Curve Radii". Archived from the original on March 18, 2012. 
   


2. 
   ^ Second Avenue Subway Draft Environmental Impact Statement, "Glossary" (PDF).  (45.6 KiB)
   


3. 
   ^ MTA New York City Transit, Employment Opportunities: "During the first phase of the project, NYC Transit installed SONET nodes in the three subway divisions: IRT, BMT, and IND."
   


4. 
   ^ New York City Transit Authority, 1966 Map and Station Guide
   


5. 
   ^ Joseph Cunningham and Leonard DeHart, A History of the New York City Subway System Part 2: Rapid Transit in Brooklyn, 1977
   


6. 
   ^ New York City Transit Authority, 1959 Official New York City Subway Map and Station Guide
   

v t e New York City Subway lines
A Division	IRT Manhattan/Queens 42nd Street      Broadway–Seventh Avenue      Flushing Lenox Avenue      Lexington Avenue Bronx Dyre Avenue Jerome Avenue Pelham White Plains Road Brooklyn Eastern Parkway New Lots Nostrand Avenue Former Original subway Ninth Avenue Second Avenue Sixth Avenue Third Avenue
B Division	BMT Manhattan/Queens Astoria      Broadway      Nassau Street Eastern division      Canarsie Jamaica Myrtle Avenue Williamsburg Bridge Southern division Brighton Fourth Avenue Franklin Avenue Sea Beach West End Former Brooklyn Bridge Culver East New York Loop Fifth Avenue Fulton Street Lexington Avenue IND Manhattan/Bronx Concourse      Eighth Avenue      Second Avenue      Sixth Avenue Brooklyn/Queens      Crosstown Culver Fulton Street Queens Boulevard Rockaway Former World's Fair BMT/IND 63rd Street Archer Avenue Manhattan Bridge
Interdivision connections	Purpose-built Chrystie Street (BMT/IND) 60th Street (BMT/IND) 63rd Street (BMT/IND) Astoria / Flushing lines (BMT/IRT) Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue station (BMT/IND) Yards 207th Street Yard (IND/IRT) Coney Island Complex (BMT/IND) Concourse Yard (IND/IRT) Linden Shops (BMT/IRT/LIRR)
Other	Proposed and never-built lines IND Second System lines Program for Action lines Staten Island Tunnel South Brooklyn Railway
Note that this is a list of New York City Subway lines, which are the physical infrastructure over which services operate. Lines with colors next to them are trunk lines; trunk lines determine the color of New York City Subway service bullets, except for shuttles, which are dark gray.

v t e New York City Subway
Current services	Shuttles 42nd Street Franklin Avenue Rockaway Park Planned
Defunct services	1985–present Pre-1985 8 AA BB CC EE (Eighth Avenue) EE (Broadway) GG HH (Court Street) JJ K (Jamaica) KK LL MJ NX QB QJ QT RJ RR T / TT Shuttles Bowling Green Broadway/63rd Street Culver Grand Street Nassau Street Sixth Avenue/63rd Street BMT numbers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Brooklyn Loops East New York Loop
Unused labels	I, O, P, U, X, Y
Stations	By borough The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens By type Closed Terminals Transfer Accessible
Divisions	A Division IRT B Division BMT IND
Other lists	Lines Yards Rolling stock R-type contracts
History	Early history IRT BMT BRT Dual Contracts Expansions MTA Capital Construction Chrystie Street Connection Program for Action 7 Subway Extension Second Avenue Subway Historic proposals Other proposals Major crashes Ninth Avenue, 1905 Malbone Street, 1918 Times Square, 1928 Union Square, 1991 Williamsburg Bridge, 1995 Strikes 1966 1980 2005 Other major incidents 1984 shooting 2000 lawsuit 2017 attempted bombing 2017–2018 transit crisis 2019–2020 L train shutdown
Infrastructure	58 Joralemon Street Fulton Center Corbin Building Dey Street Passageway Substations 7 18 219 401 IRT Dyckman-Hillside
Arts and culture	In popular culture Mass Transit Super Bowl Miss Subways MTA Arts & Design Music Under New York "Showtime" Subway Challenge Subway Series Tiles
Miscellaneous	Automation and signals Chaining Fares MetroCard Pizza Principle Map Nomenclature Technology
Other rapid transit in NYC	AirTrain JFK PATH Staten Island Railway Stations Historical Beach Pneumatic Transit