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	; Largest groups of foreign residents;
Nationality	Population (2013);
; Turkey;	1,275;
; Romania;	911;
; Poland;	730;
; Greece;	532;
; Croatia;	407;
; Austria;	345;

Landshut
Landshut
	; Town centre with St. Martin's Church; ;
;	; ; Coat of arms;
	; ; Coat of arms;
	; ; ; ; ; Landshut ; ; ; ; ;
	; Coordinates: 48°32′23″N 12°09′03″E / 48.53972°N 12.15083°E / 48.53972; 12.15083Coordinates: 48°32′23″N 12°09′03″E / 48.53972°N 12.15083°E / 48.53972; 12.15083;
Country	; Germany;
State	; Bavaria;
Admin. region	; Lower Bavaria ;
District	; Urban district;
Founded	; 1204
Government;
• Mayor;	; Alexander Putz (FDP)
Area;
• Total	; 65.7 km2 (25.4 sq mi)
Elevation;	; 445 m (1,460 ft)
Population (2016-12-31);
• Total	; 70,025
• Density	; 1,100/km2 (2,800/sq mi)
Time zone	; CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Postal codes	; 84001-84036;
Dialling codes	; 0871
Vehicle registration	; LA
Website	; www.landshut.de;

in Bavaria, Germany

Landshut (Austro-Bavarian: Landsad) is a town in Bavaria in the south-east of Germany. Situated on the banks of the River Isar, Landshut is the capital of Lower Bavaria, one of the seven administrative regions of the Free State of Bavaria. It is also the seat of the surrounding district, and has a population of more than 70,000. Landshut is the largest city in Lower Bavaria, followed by Passau and Straubing, and Eastern Bavaria's second biggest city.

Owing to its characteristic coat of arms, the town is also often called "City of the three Helmets" (German: Dreihelmenstadt). Furthermore, the town is popularly known for the Landshuter Hochzeit (Landshut Wedding), a full-tilt medieval festival.

Due to its proximity and easy access to Munich and the Franz Josef Strauss International Airport, Landshut became a powerful and future-oriented investment area. The town is one of the richest industrialized towns in Bavaria and has East Bavaria's lowest unemployment rate.

Geography

Settings

Landshut lies in the centre of Lower Bavaria, and is part of the Alpine foothills. The River Isar runs through the city centre. Landshut is about 72 kilometres (45 mi) northeast of Munich.

History

The city of Landshut and Trausnitz castle were founded in 1204 by Duke Louis I. Landshut was already a Wittelsbach residence by 1231, and in 1255, when the duchy of Bavaria was split in two, Landshut also became the capital of Lower Bavaria. Duke Henry XVI was the first of the three famous rich dukes who ruled Bayern-Landshut in the 15th century. The wedding of Duke George with the Polish Princess Royal Jadwiga Jagiellon in 1475 was celebrated in Landshut with one of the most splendid festivals of the Middle Ages (called "Landshuter Hochzeit"). After his death and the Landshut War of Succession, Bavaria-Landshut was reunited with Bavaria-Munich.

Louis X, Duke of Bavaria built the Landshut Residence 1537–1543 after his visit to Italy. Louis built the first Renaissance palace constructed north of the Alps after the Palazzo Te in Mantua. William V, Duke of Bavaria ordered to upgrade Trausnitz Castle from a gothic fortification into a renaissance complex when he lived in Landshut as crown prince for ten years until 1579. Afterwards Landshut lost most of its importance until the University of Ingolstadt was moved to Landshut in 1800. But already in 1826 the university was transferred to Munich.

In 1634, during the Thirty Years' War, the city was taken and plundered by Swedish forces under the command of Bernard of Saxe-Weimar.^[2]

During World War II, a subcamp of Dachau concentration camp was located in the city to provide slave labour for local industry.

The U.S. Army maintained facilities in Landshut, including Pinder Kaserne and a dependent housing area, until 1968.

Since the opening of Munich Airport close to Landshut in 1992, the town has become an attractive business location.

A panoramic view of Landshut

Main sights and culture

Coat of arms, depicted in 1605

The town is of national importance because of its predominantly Gothic architecture within the historic town centre, especially Trausnitz Castle and the Church of Saint Martin featuring the world's tallest brick tower. Among other Gothic architecture are the churches of St. Jodok and Holy Spirit, but also the Town Hall and the Ländtor, the only still existing gate of the medieval fortification.

Landshut is also known for a festival celebrated every four years called the Landshuter Hochzeit, commemorating the 1475 marriage of George of Bavaria and Jadwiga Jagiellon.

The renaissance era produced in particular the decorated inner courtyard of the Trausnitz Castle and the ducal Landshut Residence in the inner town. Baroque churches are represented by the Jesuit church St. Ignatius, the Dominican church St. Blasius and the church of St. Joseph. Also the medieval churches of the Seligenthal convent and of the Cistercians were redesigned in baroque style. Many old middle-class houses of the past in the Old Town still represent the history of the town from the Gothic times to the Neo-Classicism.

Transportation

There are regular regional train connections to Munich, Passau, Nuremberg and Hof.

Gallery

The Cathedral of St. Martin with its bell tower

The Church of St. Jodok

Redemption church

The Landshut Wedding and the Church of the Holy Spirit

The Ländtor

The Trausnitz castle

Landshut City View

Town hall

Old town

Theatres

Stadttheater (city theatre)

Kleines Theater

Theater Nikola

Cinemas

Kinoptikum – repertory cinema [1]

Kinopolis Landshut – Multiplex cinema [2]

Burgtheater/Kühlhauskino

Museums

Skulpturenmuseum im Hofberg (Sculptural Museum in Hofberg)

Venues

Eisstadion am Gutenbergweg – Indoor Ice hockey arena, mainly used by the Landshut Cannibals

Sparkassen-Arena – Mainly used for concerts and fairs

Grieserwiese – Giant parking area located between Wittstraße and the bank of the river Isar used for the annual Frühjahrs- und Bartlmädult

Businesses

BMW

Dräxlmaier Group

Deutsche Telekom

ebmpapst

LFoundry, a semiconductor fab formerly owned by Renesas and before by Hitachi)

Schott Glass

Vishay

Karstadt

de:Pöschl Tabak

There are also two nuclear power plants located 14 km away from Landshut, Isar I (Inactive) and Isar II (Active until 2022).

International relations

Twin towns – Sister cities

Landshut is twinned with:

Elgin, United Kingdom, since 1956 Compiègne, France, since 1962 Ried im Innkreis, Austria, since 1974 Schio, Italy, since 1981 Sibiu, Romania, since 2002

Sons and daughters of the town

before 1900

Ludwig Feuerbach

Ulrich Füetrer (born before 1450; died around 1493 and 1502), poet and painter

Ludwig Feuerbach (1804–1872), philosopher

Friedrich Feuerbach (1806–1880), philologian and philosopher

Gustav Tiedemann (1808–1849), officer

Carl du Prel (1839–1899), philosopher, writer and occultist

Karl Tanera (1849–1904), officer of the Bavarian Army and author

Max Slevogt (1868–1932), painter, graphician

Otto Kissenberth (1893–1919), fighter pilot in World War I

from 1900

Hermann Erhardt (1903–1958), actor

Max Schäfer (1907–1990), football player- and trainer

Marlene Neubauer-Woerner (1918–2010), sculptor

Josef Deimer (born 1936), politician and Lord mayor of Landshut from 1970-2014

David Elsner, professional ice hockey player

Tom Kühnhackl, professional ice hockey player

Roman Herzog, (1934-2017), politician (CDU), President of Germany from 1994 to 1999, then Honorary Citizen as well

Roman Herzog, Karlspreis 2012 (Charlemagne prize)

from 1951

Klaus Auhuber (born 1951), ice hockey player

Albert Sigl (born 1953), author

Gerhard Tausche (born 1958), archivar and author

Gerd Truntschka (born 1958), ice hockey player

Martin Bayerstorfer (born 1966), politician

Alex Holzwarth (born 1968), drummer

Wolfgang Stark (born 1969), FIFA-referee

Markus Brunnermeier, (born 1969), financial economist

Annette Dytrt (born 1983), figure skater

Honorary citizens

Hans Leinberger, (1475/1480-after 1531), sculptor

Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach, (1804–1872), philosopher and anthropologist

Roman Herzog, (born 1934), President of Germany 1994-1999

Josef Deimer, (born 1936), Lord Mayor of Landshut 1970-2004

Erich Kühnhackl (born 1950), former ice hockey player

Notable inhabitants of Landshut

Gregor Strasser 1928

Louis I, Duke of Bavaria (1173–1231), Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine

Hans von Burghausen (born 1350-1360; died 1432), builder

Hans Stethaimer (1360–1432), architect, mason and painter

Hans Leinberger (1480–1531), sculptor of the late Gothic

Götz von Berlichingen (1480–1562), Frankish Empire Knights

Renata of Lorraine (1544–1602), Duchess of Bavaria

Johann Graf von Aldringen (1588–1634), commander

Franz von Paula Schrank (1747–1835), botanist

Johann Michael Sailer (1751–1832), a Catholic theologian and bishop of Regensburg

Franz Xaver Witt (1834–1888), church musician, composer, reformer, founder of the German general Cecilia Association

Max Freiherr von Oppenheim (1860–1946), diplomat, orientalist and archaeologist

Ludwig Thoma (1867–1921), writer

Hans Carossa (1878–1956), doctor, known as a poet and writer of short stories

Gregor Strasser (1892–1934), National Socialist politician

Heinrich Himmler (1900–1945), National Socialist politician, head of the SS

Marlene Neubauer-Woerner (1918–2010), sculptress

Fritz Koenig (1924–2017), sculptor

Heinz Winbeck (born 1946), composer

Erich Kühnhackl (born 1950), hockey player

Herbert Hainer (born 1954), Manager

Franz Kober (born 1956), Engineer

References

^ "Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes". Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik und Datenverarbeitung (in German). January 2018.

^ Helfferich, Tryntje, The Thirty Years War: A Documentary History (Cambridge, 2009), pp. 274-302.

External links

Landshut travel guide from Wikivoyage

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Landshut". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

http://www.landshut.de – Official website

(in German) http://www.fh-landshut.de/

[1] "Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes". Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik und Datenverarbeitung (in German). January 2018.

[2] Helfferich, Tryntje, The Thirty Years War: A Documentary History (Cambridge, 2009), pp. 274-302.

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