Marsden (New Zealand electorate)

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Marsden is a former parliamentary electorate, in the Whangarei District and in the Northland Region of New Zealand.

Contents

• 
  1 Population centres
  


• 
  2 History
  
  • 
    2.1 Members of Parliament
    
  
  


• 
  3 Election results
  
  • 
    3.1 1943 election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.2 1938 election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.3 1935 election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.4 1931 election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.5 1928 election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.6 1925 election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.7 1922 election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.8 1919 election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.9 1899 election
    
  
  
  • 
    3.10 1890 election
    
  
  


• 
  4 Notes
  


• 
  5 References
  

Population centres

The initial 24 New Zealand electorates were defined by Governor George Grey in March 1853, based on the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 that had been passed by the British government. The Constitution Act also allowed the House of Representatives to establish new electorates, and this was first done in 1858, when four new electorates were formed by splitting existing electorates.^[1] Marsden was one of those four electorates, and it covered the northern area split off from the Northern Division electorate.^[2]

The electorate was mixed urban and rural, around the city of Whangarei.

History

The electorate existed from 1858 to 1972, and the first election was held on 29 November 1859, which was during the term of the 2nd Parliament. James Farmer was the first representative.^[3] The second representative was John Munro, who was elected on 27 December 1860, and served the whole term of the 3rd Parliament.^[4]

Francis Hull was elected to the 4th Parliament, resigned in 1869 and was succeeded by Munro in the February by-election. Munro served the rest of the term, plus the term of the 5th Parliament.^[4]

All subsequent representatives have always served full terms.

In the 1879 election there was some doubt about the validity of the election result, and a law was passed to confirm the result in Marsden and two other electorates.^[5]

The 1887 election was contested by Robert Thompson and Joseph Dargaville, and they received 955 and 550 votes, respectively. Thompson was thus declared elected.^[6]

Thompson acquired the labels 'Marsden Thompson' and 'the member for roads and bridges' in Parliament. He was known for his devotion to the interests of his district, which was desperately in need of good roads, and his only reason for being a Liberal was that the government was the only source of funding for roads and bridges (as with many other Liberals representing country electorates). He was pro-freehold (land), and was opposed to Liberal policies such as labour legislation and old age pensions. In 1908, when he stood unsuccessfully for Auckland West against a sitting Liberal member, he was once more an Independent, and his programme – freehold (land), acquisition of Maori land and opposition to prohibition had not altered.^[7]

Alfred Murdoch unsuccessfully contested the Marsden electorate in the 1919 election as an independent Liberal against the incumbent from the Reform Party, Francis Mander.^[8][9] Mander retired at the 1922 election,^[9] and Murdoch was elected.^[10] At the next election in 1925, Murdoch was defeated by William Jones of the Reform Party, but Murdoch defeated Jones in turn in 1928 when he stood for the United Party.^[11] After two parliamentary terms, Murdoch was defeated in 1935 by James Barclay of the Labour Party.^[12] In 1943, Murdoch, now standing for the National Party, defeated Barclay and won the electorate back, and held it until he retired in 1954.^[12]

Members of Parliament

Key:

  Independent     Conservative     Liberal     Independent Liberal     Reform     United     Labour     National  

Election	Winner
1859 supplementary election		James Farmer
1861 election		John Munro
1866 election		Francis Hull
1869 by-election		John Munro
1871 election
1876 election		Sir Robert Douglas
1879 election		William Colbeck
1881 election		Edwin Mitchelson
1884 election
1887 election		Robert Thompson
1890 election
1893 election
1896 election
1899 election
1902 election		Francis Mander
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election
1914 election
1919 election
1922 election		Alfred Murdoch
1925 election		William Jones
1928 election		Alfred Murdoch
1931 election
1935 election		James Barclay
1938 election
1943 election		Alfred Murdoch
1946 election
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election		Donald McKay
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
(electorate abolished 1972; see Whangarei)

Election results

1943 election

General election, 1943: Marsden^{[13][14][ob 1]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	National	Alfred Murdoch	6,202	52.58	+4.95
	Labour	James Gillespie Barclay	5,196	44.05	-8.32
	Democratic Labour	Ernest Petty	398	3.37
Majority			1,006	8.53	+3.79
Informal votes			110	0.92	+0.56
Turnout			11,906	95.18	+0.09
Registered electors			12,509

Table footnotes:

1. 
   ^ Registered electors refers to civilian voters only; nationwide, 93,295 servicemen also cast valid votes although their names did not appear on electoral rolls.^[15]
   

1938 election

General election, 1938: Marsden^[16][17]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	James Gillespie Barclay	6,157	52.37	+4.30
	National	Alfred Murdoch	5,600	47.63	+2.76
Informal votes			43	0.36	-0.19
Majority			557	4.74	+1.55
Turnout			11,800	95.08	+3.52
Registered electors			12,410

1935 election

General election, 1935: Marsden^[18]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	James Gillespie Barclay	5,215	48.07	+14.91
	United	Alfred Murdoch	4,868	44.87	-21.97
	Democrat	R Johns	602	5.54
	Independent Liberal	St. Claire Jounneaux	163	1.50
Informal votes			60	0.55	-1.07
Majority			347	3.19
Turnout			10,848	91.56	+10.10
Registered electors			11,847

1931 election

General election, 1931: Marsden^[19]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	United	Alfred Murdoch	5,838	66.84	+22.73
	Labour	James Gillespie Barclay	2,896	33.16
Informal votes			144	1.62	+0.87
Majority			2,942	33.68	+28.63
Turnout			8,878	81.46	-6.46
Registered electors			10,898

1928 election

General election, 1928: Marsden^[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	United	Alfred Murdoch	3,925	44.12	+3.42
	Reform	William Jones	3,475	39.06	-9.46
	Labour	William Henry Chetham	1,299	14.60
	Independent	Albert Hugh Curtis	198	2.23
Informal votes			67	0.75	+0.09
Majority			450	5.06	-2.76
Turnout			8,964	87.93	-2.84
Registered electors			10,195

1925 election

General election, 1925: Marsden^[21]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Reform	William Jones	4,038	48.52	-0.56
	Independent Liberal	Alfred Murdoch	3,387	40.70	-10.22
	Labour	Arthur Shapton Richards	897	10.78
Informal votes			55	0.66	-0.62
Majority			651	7.82	+5.98
Turnout			8,377	90.77	+3.71
Registered electors			9,229

1922 election

General election, 1922: Marsden^[22]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Independent Liberal	Alfred Murdoch	3,752	50.92	+14.90
	Reform	William Jones	3,616	49.08
Majority			136	1.85	-1.37
Informal votes			95	1.27	-0.53
Turnout			7,463	87.06	+8.35
Registered electors			8,572

1919 election

General election, 1919: Marsden^[23][24]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Reform	Francis Mander	2,307	39.24
	Independent Liberal	Alfred Murdoch	2,118	36.03
	Independent Labour	Alexander McLean	850	14.46
	Independent	Albert Hugh Curtis	604	10.27
Informal votes			108	1.80
Majority			189	3.21
Turnout			5,987	78.71
Registered electors			7,606

1899 election

General election, 1899: Marsden^[25][26]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Independent Liberal	Robert Thompson	2,205	59.42
	Conservative	George Alderton	891	24.01
	Independent	Charles Mackesy	615	16.57
Majority			1,314	35.41
Turnout			3,711	66.97
Registered electors			5,541

1890 election

General election, 1890: Marsden^[27]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Robert Thompson	803	56.15
	Liberal	Albert Elliot	627	43.84
Majority			176	12.30
Turnout			1,430	49.04
Registered electors			2,914

Notes

1. 
   ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 29.
   


2. 
   ^ McRobie 1989, p. 28.
   


3. 
   ^ Wilson 1985, p. 195.
   


4. 
   ^ ^ab Scholefield 1925, p. 120.
   


5. 
   ^ "Elections Validation Act, 1879". New Zealand Law online. 
   


6. 
   ^ "The General Election, 1887". National Library. 1887. pp. 1–4. Retrieved 25 February 2012. 
   


7. 
   ^ Hamer, David (1988). The New Zealand Liberals: The Years of Power, 1891–1912 (1st ed.). Auckland: Auckland University Press. pp. 168, 169, 367. ISBN 1-86940-014-3. 
   


8. 
   ^ Gustafson 1986, p. 335.
   


9. 
   ^ ^ab Wilson 1985, p. 218.
   


10. 
    ^ Wilson 1985, p. 222.
    


11. 
    ^ Wilson 1985, pp. 209, 222.
    


12. 
    ^ ^ab Wilson 1985, pp. 182, 222.
    


13. 
    ^
    The General Election, 1943. National Library. 1944. p. 6. Retrieved 19 July 2015. 
    


14. 
    ^ "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. 80 (24713). 13 October 1943. p. 5. Retrieved 15 May 2017. 
    


15. 
    ^ McRobie 1989, p. 92.
    


16. 
    ^ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. p. 3. Retrieved 30 November 2014. 
    


17. 
    ^ "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. LXXV (23181). 29 October 1938. p. 25. Retrieved 30 November 2014. 
    


18. 
    ^ The General Election, 1935. National Library. 1936. pp. 1–35. Retrieved 3 August 2013. 
    


19. 
    ^ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 3. Retrieved 2 November 2014. 
    


20. 
    ^ The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. p. 3. Retrieved 4 December 2013. 
    


21. 
    ^ The General Election, 1925. Government Printer. 1926. p. 1. Retrieved 20 November 2014. 
    


22. 
    ^ The General Election, 1922. Government Printer. 1923. p. 1. Retrieved 20 November 2014. 
    


23. 
    ^ The New Zealand Official Year-Book. Government Printer. 1920. Archived from the original on 1 September 2014. Retrieved 2 August 2013. 
    


24. 
    ^ "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. LVI (17339). 10 December 1919. Retrieved 23 November 2014. 
    


25. 
    ^ "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 1. Retrieved 12 February 2014. 
    


26. 
    ^ "Electoral District of Marsden". The Northern Advocate. 16 December 1899. p. 4. Retrieved 15 February 2014. 
    


27. 
    ^ "The General Election, 1890". National Library. 1891. Retrieved 25 February 2012. 
    

References

• 
  Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6. 
  


• 
  McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8. 
  


• 
  Scholefield, Guy (1925) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record (2nd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer. 
  


• 
  Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer. 
  


• 
  Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103. 
  

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