Type locality (geology)

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For other uses, see Type locality (biology).

Type locality, also called type area, type site, or type section, is the locality where a particular rock type, stratigraphic unit or mineral species is first identified.^[1] If the stratigraphic unit in a locality is layered, it is called a stratotype, whereas the standard of reference for unlayered rocks is the type locality.^[2]

The term is similar to the term type site in archaeology or the term type specimen in biology.

Contents

• 
  1 Examples of geological type localities
  
  • 
    1.1 Rocks and minerals
    
  
  
  • 
    1.2 Formations and structures
    
  
  


• 
  2 See also
  


• 
  3 References
  

Examples of geological type localities

Rocks and minerals

• 
  Aragonite: Molina de Aragón, Guadalajara, Spain
  


• 
  Autunite: Autun, France
  


• 
  Benmoreite: Ben More (Mull), Scotland^[3]


• 
  Blairmorite: Blairmore, Alberta, Canada


• 
  Boninite: Bonin Islands, Japan^[4]


• 
  Comendite: Comende, San Pietro Island, Sardinia^[5]


• 
  Coyoteite: Coyote Peak near Orick, California, USA


• 
  Cummingtonite: Cummington, Massachusetts
  


• 
  Dunite: Dun Mountain, New Zealand.^[6]


• 
  Essexite: Essex County, Massachusetts, US^[7]


• 
  Fayalite: Horta, Fayal Island, Azores, Portugal
  


• 
  Harzburgite: Bad Harzburg, Germany
  


• 
  Hilairite: Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada


• 
  Icelandite: Thingmuli (Þingmúli), Iceland^[8]


• 
  Ijolite: Livaara, Kuusamo, Finland^[9]


• 
  Kimberlite: Kimberley, Northern Cape, South Africa
  


• 
  Komatiite: Komati River, South Africa^[10]


• 
  Labradorite: Paul's Island, Labrador, Canada
  


• 
  Lherzolite: Étang de Lers, France (Old spelling was: Étang de Lherz).^[6]


• 
  Mimetite: Treue Freundschaft Mine, Johanngeorgenstadt, Germany


• 
  Mugearite: Mugeary, Skye, Scotland


• 
  Mullite: Isle of Mull, Scotland
  


• 
  Pantellerite: Pantelleria, off Sicily^[11]


• 
  Portlandite: Scawt Hill, Ballygalley, Larne, County Antrim, Northern Ireland
  


• 
  Rodingite: Roding River, New Zealand.


• 
  Sabugalite: Sabugal, Guarda District, Portugal
  


• 
  Sovite: Norsjø, Norway^[12]


• 
  Strontianite: Strontian, Scotland (also the element strontium derived from the mineral)


• 
  Temagamite: Copperfields Mine, Temagami, Ontario, Canada


• 
  Tonalite: Tonale Pass
  


• 
  Trondhjemite: Follstad, Støren, Norway^[13]


• 
  Tyuyamunite: Tyuya-Muyun, Fergana Valley, Kyrgyzstan
  


• 
  Uraninite: Joachimsthal, Austria-Hungary (now Jáchymov, Czech Republic)


• 
  Websterite: Webster in North Carolina.^[6]


• 
  Widgiemoolthalite: Widgiemooltha, Western Australia, Australia

Formations and structures

• 
  Bearpaw Formation: Bear Paw Mountains, Montana, USA


• 
  Burgess Shale: Burgess Pass on Mount Burgess, Alberta-BC, Canada
  


• 
  Caldera: Caldera de Taburiente, La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain
  


• 
  Calvert Formation: Calvert Cliffs State Park, Maryland, USA


• 
  Chapel Island Formation: Chapel Island, Newfoundland, Canada


• 
  Chattanooga Shale: Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA


• 
  Chazy Formation: Chazy, New York, USA


• 
  Coon Creek Formation: Coon Creek, McNairy County, Tennessee, USA


• 
  Fort Payne Formation: Fort Payne, Alabama, USA


• 
  Jacobsville Sandstone: Jacobsville, Michigan, USA


• 
  Holston Formation: Holston River, Tennessee, USA


• 
  St. Louis Limestone: St. Louis, Missouri, USA


• 
  Ste. Genevieve Limestone: Ste. Genevieve, Missouri, USA


• 
  Temple Butte Limestone: Temple Butte, Grand Canyon, USA^[14]

See also

• Stratotype


• Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point

References

1. 
   ^ "Scottish Geology, Glossary: Type locality/area". Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery of the University of Glasgow. Retrieved 2011-02-05. ^{[permanent dead link]}
   


2. 
   ^ "Stratotypes and Type Localities". International Commission on Stratigraphy. Retrieved 20 August 2017. 
   


3. 
   ^ "Benmoreite". Oxford Index. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 14 June 2015. 
   


4. 
   ^ Harms U., Koeberl C. & Zoback M.D. (2007). Continental Scientific Drilling: A Decade of Progress, and Challenges for the Future. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 311. ISBN 9783540687788. 
   


5. 
   ^ Robinson H.H. (1913). U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 76. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 109. 
   


6. 
   ^ ^abc Rogers, Nick; Stephen Blake; Kevin Burton; Mike Widdowson; Ian Parkinson; Nigel Harris (2008). An introduction to our dynamic planet (Co-published ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0521494243. 
   


7. 
   ^ Report of the State Geologist, Volume 11. 1918. p. 191. 
   


8. 
   ^ Middlemost E.A.K. (1985). Magmas and magmatic rocks: an introduction to igneous petrology. Longman. p. 89. ISBN 9780582300804. 
   


9. 
   ^ Maier W.D., Lahtinen R. & O'Brien H. (2015). Minerals Deposits of Finland. Elsevier. p. 302. ISBN 9780124104761. 
   


10. 
    ^ Glikson A.Y. (2014). The Archaean: Geological and Geochemical Windows into the Early Earth. Springer. p. 75. ISBN 9783319079080. 
    


11. 
    ^ Gill R. (2010). Igneous Rocks and Processes: A Practical Guide. John Wiley & Sons. p. 328. ISBN 9781444330656. 
    


12. 
    ^ Oftedahl C. (1989). "Sövite". Encyclopedia of Earth Science: 544–545. doi:10.1007/0-387-30845-8_231. 
    


13. 
    ^ Dunning G.R. & Grenne T. (2000). "U-Pb age dating and paleotectonic significance of trondhjemite from the type locality in the Central Norwegian Caledonides" (PDF). Norges geologiske undersøkelse Bulletin. 437: 57–65. 
    


14. 
    ^ Temple Butte Limestone, USGS
    

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