Shenandoah County, Virginia

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Shenandoah County, Virginia



Shenandoah County Courthouse, new.jpg
Shenandoah County Courthouse in Woodstock



Seal of Shenandoah County, Virginia
Seal

Map of Virginia highlighting Shenandoah County
Location in the U.S. state of Virginia

Map of the United States highlighting Virginia
Virginia's location in the U.S.
Founded
1772
Named for
Senedos Indian tribe
Seat
Woodstock
Largest town
Strasburg
Area
 • Total
512 sq mi (1,326 km2)
 • Land
509 sq mi (1,318 km2)
 • Water
3.4 sq mi (9 km2), 0.7%
Population (est.)
 • (2015)
43,190
 • Density
84/sq mi (32/km2)
Congressional district
6th
Time zone
Eastern: UTC−5/−4
Website
www.shenandoahcountyva.us

Shenandoah County (formerly Dunmore County) is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 41,993.[1] Its county seat is Woodstock.[2] It is part of the Shenandoah Valley region of Virginia.




Contents





  • 1 History


  • 2 Geography

    • 2.1 Adjacent counties


    • 2.2 National protected areas



  • 3 Demographics


  • 4 Transportation

    • 4.1 Major highways



  • 5 Education

    • 5.1 Private

      • 5.1.1 Secondary Institutions


      • 5.1.2 Primary Institutions



    • 5.2 Public

      • 5.2.1 High schools


      • 5.2.2 Elementary and Middle Schools


      • 5.2.3 Other




  • 6 Communities

    • 6.1 Towns


    • 6.2 Census-designated places


    • 6.3 Other unincorporated communities



  • 7 Politics


  • 8 See also


  • 9 References




History


The Senedos, possibly an Iroquoian group, are thought to have occupied the area at one time, until they were said to have been slaughtered by the Catawba in the later 17th century. The name of both the Valley and of the County is most likely connected with this Native American group. It has also been attributed to General George Washington naming it in honor of John Skenandoa, an Oneida chief from New York who helped gain support of Oneida and Tuscarora warriors to aid the rebel colonists during the American Revolutionary War.


Colonial Governor Gooch formally purchased the entire Shenandoah Valley from the Six Nations of the Iroquois by the Treaty of Lancaster in 1744. The Iroquois controlled the valley as a hunting ground. European settlement had already begun by that time. During Pontiac's War (1763–1766), Shawnee attacks reached as far east as the current county.


Shenandoah County was established in 1772. It was originally named Dunmore County for Virginia Governor John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore. Woodstock was the county seat. Dunmore was Virginia's last royal governor, and was forced from office during the American Revolution. During the war, in 1778 rebels renamed the county as Shenandoah.


During the Civil War, the Battle of New Market took place May 15, 1864.



Geography




Shenandoah County, Virginia is located in Harrisonburg to Frederick


Rockingham




Hardy




Frederick




Page




Shenandoah




Warren




Shenandoah and adjacent counties


According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 512 square miles (1,330 km2), of which 509 square miles (1,320 km2) is land and 3.4 square miles (8.8 km2) (0.7%) is water.[3] The Fort Valley and western slopes of the Massanutten Mountain are located within the county.



Adjacent counties



  • Hardy County, West Virginia – northwest


  • Frederick County, Virginia – northeast


  • Warren County, Virginia – east


  • Page County, Virginia – southeast


  • Rockingham County, Virginia – southwest


National protected areas



  • Cedar Creek and Belle Grove National Historical Park (part)


  • George Washington National Forest (part)


Demographics






































































































Historical population
CensusPop.

179010,510
180013,82331.5%
181013,646−1.3%
182018,92638.7%
183019,7504.4%
184011,618−41.2%
185013,76818.5%
186013,8960.9%
187014,9367.5%
188018,20421.9%
189019,6718.1%
190020,2533.0%
191020,9423.4%
192020,808−0.6%
193020,655−0.7%
194020,8981.2%
195021,1691.3%
196021,8253.1%
197022,8524.7%
198027,55920.6%
199031,63614.8%
200035,07510.9%
201041,99319.7%
Est. 201643,175[4]2.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[5]
1790–1960[6] 1900–1990[7]
1990–2000[8] 2010–2012[1]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 41,993 people residing in the county. 93.0% were White, 1.7% Black or African American, 0.5% Asian, 0.2% Native American, 2.8% of some other race and 1.6% of two or more races. 6.1% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 26.4% were of American, 22.0% German, 10.3% English and 7.6% Irish ancestry.[9]


As of the census[10] of 2000, there were 35,075 people, 14,296 households, and 10,064 families residing in the county. The population density was 68 people per square mile (26/km²). There were 16,709 housing units at an average density of 33 per square mile (13/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 95.60% White, 1.17% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.35% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.79% from other races, and 0.89% from two or more races. 3.40% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.


There were 14,296 households out of which 28.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.00% were married couples living together, 9.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.60% were non-families. 25.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.86.


In the county, the population was spread out with 22.30% under the age of 18, 6.60% from 18 to 24, 27.60% from 25 to 44, 26.20% from 45 to 64, and 17.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 94.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.80 males.


The median income for a household in the county was $39,173, and the median income for a family was $45,080. Males had a median income of $29,952 versus $22,312 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,755. About 5.80% of families and 8.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.10% of those under age 18 and 8.80% of those age 65 or over.



Transportation



  • Shenandoah Valley Commuter Bus Service offers weekday commuter bus service from Northern Shenandoah Valley including Shenandoah County and Warren County to Northern Virginia and Washington, D.C. including Arlington County and Fairfax County. Origination points in Shenandoah County include Woodstock. Origination points in Warren County include Front Royal and Linden.


Major highways



  • I-81


  • US 11


  • US 48


  • US 211


  • SR 42


  • SR 55


  • SR 211


  • SR 263


  • SR 610


  • SR 611


  • SR 628


Education



Private



Secondary Institutions


  • Shenandoah Valley Academy

  • Massanutten Military Academy


Primary Institutions


  • Shenandoah Valley Adventist Elementary School

  • Valley Baptist Christian School


Public



High schools


  • Stonewall Jackson High School

  • Strasburg High School

  • Central High School


Elementary and Middle Schools


  • W.W. Robinson Elementary School

  • Peter Muhlenberg Middle School

  • Ashby Lee Elementary School

  • North Fork Middle School

  • Sandy Hook Elementary School

  • Signal Knob Middle School


Other


  • Triplett Tech

  • Massanutten Regional Governor's School


Communities



Towns




  • Edinburg (pop. 1,041)


  • Mount Jackson (pop. 1,994)


  • New Market (pop. 2,146)


  • Strasburg (pop. 6,398)


  • Toms Brook (pop. 258)


  • Woodstock (pop. 5,097)



Census-designated places



  • Basye (pop. 1,253)


  • Maurertown (pop. 770)


Other unincorporated communities



  • Alonzaville

  • Bowmans Crossing

  • Calvary

  • Carmel

  • Clary

  • Columbia Furnace

  • Conicville

  • Detrick

  • Fishers Hill

  • Forestville

  • Hamburg

  • Hawkinstown

  • Lebanon Church

  • Mount Clifton

  • Mount Olive

  • Oranda

  • Orkney Springs

  • Quicksburg

  • Saint Luke

  • Saumsville

  • Wheatfield



Politics


Shenandoah County has been a Republican stronghold in presidential elections since the turn of the last century. Being first won by a Republican Presidental nominee in 1896. It began voting 100% Republican in presidential elections from 1936 onwards. This voting record came from ticket splitting Byrd Democrats, who voted for conservative Democrats in state elections, and against liberal Democrats in federal elections. It was one of the first counties in Virginia to ditch the Democratic Party. In 1966 the county voted only slightly for Republicans over Senator Harry F Byrd Jr, due to a sizable minority of Democrats voting for the more segregationist Conservative Party of Virginia. Mark Warner was the first Democrat to win the county in any federal election since 1960, and only by a small margin in his 2008 landslide senate election.




















































































































Presidential Elections Results[11]
Year

Republican

Democratic

Third Parties

2016

68.7% 14,094
25.7% 5,273
5.6% 1,141

2012

64.7% 12,538
33.4% 6,469
1.9% 366

2008

62.5% 12,005
36.0% 6,912
1.6% 306

2004

68.9% 11,820
30.3% 5,186
0.8% 140

2000

66.7% 9,636
30.6% 4,420
2.7% 396

1996

56.0% 7,440
31.8% 4,224
12.2% 1,616

1992

55.7% 7,746
28.5% 3,956
15.8% 2,194

1988

71.7% 8,612
27.3% 3,276
1.0% 116

1984

76.0% 9,048
23.3% 2,771
0.7% 81

1980

67.1% 7,517
28.0% 3,137
4.9% 549

1976

64.1% 6,296
34.2% 3,364
1.7% 170

1972

82.5% 7,128
16.5% 1,422
1.1% 94

1968

62.9% 5,461
19.1% 1,654
18.0% 1,566

1964

55.5% 3,981
44.4% 3,184
0.0% 3

1960

66.9% 4,144
33.1% 2,053
0.0% 2

1956

69.2% 4,164
29.4% 1,769
1.4% 86

1952

71.1% 4,284
28.8% 1,734
0.1% 6

1948

64.7% 3,349
31.0% 1,603
4.4% 228

1944

64.1% 3,517
35.8% 1,962
0.1% 6

1940

58.9% 3,527
40.9% 2,450
0.2% 14

1936

52.3% 3,152
47.5% 2,861
0.3% 15

1932
48.2% 2,514

50.5% 2,635
1.3% 68

1928

68.3% 3,420
31.7% 1,589


1924

48.8% 2,214
48.2% 2,186
3.0% 137

1920

56.1% 2,683
43.4% 2,077
0.6% 27

1916
48.7% 1,425

49.2% 1,440
2.1% 61

1912
27.6% 706

52.3% 1,336
20.1% 515


See also


  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Shenandoah County, Virginia

  • New Market Airport

  • Shenandoah County Sheriff’s Office


  • Shenandoah Local History Collection at James Madison University's Special Collections.


  • Shenandoah Valley Miscellaneous Ledgers, Minute Books and Registers collection at James Madison University's Special Collections.


References




  1. ^ ab "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2014. 


  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07. 


  3. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23. 


  4. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017. 


  5. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2014. 


  6. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved January 5, 2014. 


  7. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2014. 


  8. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2014. 


  9. ^ "American FactFinder"


  10. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14. 


  11. ^ http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS








Coordinates: 38°52′N 78°34′W / 38.86°N 78.57°W / 38.86; -78.57




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