Mixing
Østfold
Clash Royale CLAN TAG#URR8PPP | Østfold fylke | ||
|---|---|---|
County | ||
 Rødenes in late - June 2006 | ||
| ||
 Østfold within Norway | ||
| Country | Norway | |
| County | Østfold | |
| Region | Østlandet | |
| County ID | NO-01 | |
| Administrative centre | Sarpsborg | |
| Government | ||
| • Governor | Anne Enger Senterpartiet (2003–present) | |
| • County mayor | Ole Haabeth Arbeiderpartiet (2007–present) | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 4,180.7 km2 (1,614.2 sq mi) | |
| • Land | 3,887 km2 (1,501 sq mi) | |
| Area rank | #17 in Norway, 1.28% of Norway's land area | |
| Population (2014) | ||
| • Total | 284,962 | |
| • Rank | 6 (5.61% of country) | |
| • Density | 68/km2 (180/sq mi) | |
| • Change (10 years) | 7.5 % | |
| Demonym(s) | Østfolding | |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+01) | |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+02) | |
| Official language form | Bokmål | |
| Income (per capita) | 138,600 NOK | |
GDP (per capita) | 200,084 NOK (2001) | |
GDP national rank | 8 (3.30% of country) | |
| Website | www.ostfold-f.kommune.no | |
Data from Statistics Norway | ||
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1951 | 185,492 | — |
| 1961 | 202,751 | +9.3% |
| 1971 | 221,386 | +9.2% |
| 1981 | 233,301 | +5.4% |
| 1991 | 238,345 | +2.2% |
| 2001 | 251,032 | +5.3% |
| 2011 | 274,827 | +9.5% |
| 2021? | 309,613 | +12.7% |
| 2031? | 339,601 | +9.7% |
| Source: Statistics Norway.[1] | ||
Østfold [²østfɔl] (
listen) is a county in southeastern Norway, bordering Akershus and southwestern Sweden (Västra Götaland County and Värmland), while Buskerud and Vestfold are on the other side of Oslofjord. The county's administrative seat is Sarpsborg.
Many manufacturing facilities are situated here, such as the world's most advanced biorefinery, Borregaard in Sarpsborg. Fredrikstad has shipyards. There are granite mines in Østfold and stone from these were used by Gustav Vigeland.
The county slogan is "The heartland of Scandinavia". The local dialect is characterized by its geographical proximity to Sweden.
Contents
1 The name
2 History
3 Geography
4 Demography
5 Transport and infrastructure
6 Municipalities
7 Coat of arms
8 Notable people
9 See also
10 External links
11 References
The name
The old name of the Oslofjord was Fold; Østfold means 'the region east of the Fold' (see also Vestfold). The name was first recorded in 1543; in the Middle Ages the name of the county was Borgarsysla 'the county/sýsla of the city Borg (now Sarpsborg)'. Later, when Norway was under Danish rule, the Danish king divided the area into many baronies. These were merged into one county (amt) in 1662 - and it was then named Smaalenenes Amt 'the amt consisting of small len'. The name was changed back to Østfold in 1919.
History
Østfold is among the nation's oldest inhabited regions, with petroglyphs (rock drawings) and burial mounds throughout the area.
In the Viking Age, the area was part of Vingulmark, which in turn was part of Viken and included Båhuslen. It was partly under Danish rule until the time of Harald Fairhair.
Later, when Norway was under Danish rule, the Danish king divided the area into many baronies. The barony of Heggen og Frøland, consisting of the municipalities Askim, Eidsberg and Trøgstad, originally belonged to Akershus - but it was transferred to Østfold in 1768.
Geography
Østfold sits between the Oslo Fjord and Sweden. It is dominated by flat landscape with a lot of woodland in the north and along the Swedish border, a major lake system in the central part, and densely populated lowland area along the coast, with a relatively large archipelago.
Norway’s longest river, the Glomma, flows through the county and out into the Oslo Fjord in Fredrikstad.
Demography
Most of the county's population is located in the coastal area. The cities of Moss, Sarpsborg, Fredrikstad and Halden are situated here, along with some relatively highly populated rural municipalities. Including these coastal cities, Østfold also has another two cities, Askim and Mysen.
Transport and infrastructure
Østfold is located strategically between Oslo and Sweden. The main highway E6 between Oslo and Gothenburg runs as a motorway through the county from the southern border with Sweden and the border with Akershus county. The main highway E18 between Oslo and Stockholm goes through the county from the Swedish border in a southeast-northwest direction. The railway from Oslo to Gothenburg is running more or less parallelly with E6, and there is also a railway between Ski and Sarpsborg that covers the inner part.
There is no public airport in the county. Moss Airport was one but is now closed. The main airport for Østfold is the Oslo Airport, Gardermoen, with a population of more than 2 million people within two hours distance.
Municipalities
Østfold has 18 municipalities:
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Coat of arms
The coat of arms is from modern times (1958). The lines represent sunrays at sunrise in the east. (See above under the name.) They also represent the worship of the Sun in the Bronze Age (depicted in several rock carvings found in the county).
Number of minorities (1st and 2nd gen.) in Østfold by country of origin in 2017[2] | |
| Nationality | Population (2017) |
|---|---|
 Poland | 6,711 |
 Iraq | 4,470 |
 Somalia | 3,068 |
 Kosovo | 2,695 |
 Sweden | 2,620 |
 Bosnia-Herzegovina | 2,372 |
 Vietnam | 1,889 |
 Lithuania | 1,822 |
 Syria | 1,334 |
 Denmark | 1,291 |
 Iran | 1,270 |
 Pakistan | 1,188 |
 Philippines | 1,008 |
 Thailand | 992 |
 Germany | 967 |
 Russia | 879 |
 Turkey | 829 |
 Afghanistan | 816 |
 Iceland | 579 |
 United Kingdom | 494 |
Notable people
Roald Amundsen (1872–1928) - Explorer of polar regions
Berit Ås - Politician, professor and feminist.
Thea Foss (1857–1927) - founder of Foss Maritime
Hans Nielsen Hauge - (3 April 1771 – 29 March 1824) - Lay preacher
Egil Olsen - Norwegian Football coach.
Karl Ouren (1882–1943) - Norwegian-American artist
Petter Solberg - Rally driver
Nils Otto Tank (1800–1864) - Moravian Church religious leader
Harald Zwart - Movie director and producer
See also
- HEPRO
External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Østfold. |
 | Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Østfold. |
- Østfold fylke website (in Norwegian and English)
- Statistics and basic interpretation regarding Østfold (in Norwegian)
- Excavation of longhouse from the Roman Iron Age
References
- Notes
^ Projected population - Statistics Norway
^ "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, by immigration category, country background and percentages of the population". ssb.no. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
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Coordinates: 59°20′00″N 11°20′00″E / 59.33333°N 11.33333°E / 59.33333; 11.33333
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